Are Changes in Global Precipitation Constrained by the Tropospheric Energy Budget?
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Global tropospheric hydroxyl distribution, budget and reactivity
The self-cleaning or oxidation capacity of the atmosphere is principally controlled by hydroxyl (OH) radicals in 5 the troposphere. Hydroxyl has primary (P) and secondary (S) sources, the former mainly through the photo-dissociation of ozone, the latter through OH recycling in radical reaction chains. We used the recent Mainz Organics Mechanism (MOM) to advance volatile organic carbon (VOC) che...
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W eather and climate on Earth are determined by the amount and distribution of incoming radiation from the sun. For an equilibrium climate, OLR1 necessarily balances the incoming ASR, although there is a great deal of fascinating atmosphere, ocean, and land phenomena that couple the two. Incoming radiant energy may be scattered and reflected by clouds and aerosols or absorbed in the atmosphere....
متن کاملInteractive comment on “Global tropospheric hydroxyl distribution, budget and reactivity” by J. Lelieveld et al
They also scaled the methyl chloroform (MCF) decay rate to that of methane. This is fine, of course, but there are uncertainties. Firstly, the distributions of both gases are assumed to be the same, which can be discussed, also in view of differences in reaction rates. Secondly, MCF sinks other than through reaction with OH need to be quantified, such as loss in the stratosphere and uptake by t...
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What are the largest uncertainties in modelling ozone in the troposphere, and how do they affect the calculated ozone budget? Published chemistry-transport model studies of tropospheric ozone differ significantly in their conclusions regarding the importance of the key processes controlling the ozone budget: influx from the stratosphere, chemical processing and surface deposition. This study su...
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A factor of 2.5 increase in the global abundance of atmospheric methane (CH(4)) since 1750 contributes 0.5 Wm(-2) to total direct radiative forcing by long-lived greenhouse gases (2.77 Wm(-2) in 2009), while its role in atmospheric chemistry adds another approximately 0.2 Wm(-2) of indirect forcing. Since CH(4) has a relatively short lifetime and it is very close to a steady state, reductions i...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Climate
سال: 2009
ISSN: 1520-0442,0894-8755
DOI: 10.1175/2008jcli2135.1